Novel Determinants and Measures of Smokeless Tobacco Use

Principal
Details
In this subcontract with the University of Minnesota, Severson and team are examining brands of U.S. smokeless tobacco products' different levels of nitrosamines, other carcinogens, and nicotine, on existing and novel biomarkers of exposure and effect. This study will determine factors that moderate the extent of exposure other than the levels of toxicants. Study 2 will determine the effects of switching ST users to lower levels of TSNA and differing levels of nicotine.